Description
Lámina de acero inoxidable 310s / 1.4845
El 310s es uno de los materiales más resistentes a las altas temperaturas
Alternative grades of equivalent materials
China * GB | GB24511 | S31008 |
Japan | JIS | SUS310S |
United States of America | ASTM | 310S |
UNS | S31008 | |
South Korea | KS | STS310S |
European Union | BSEN | 1.4845 |
India | IS | – |
Australia | AS | 310S |
Taiwan, China | CNS | 310S |
Germany | DIN | X8CrNi25-21 |
United Kingdom | BS970 BS1449 | – |
Belgium | BS970Part1 | – |
General Properties
La aleación 310 (UNS S31000) es un acero inoxidable austenítico desarrollado para su uso en aplicaciones resistentes a la corrosión a altas temperaturas. La aleación resiste la oxidación hasta 2010oF (1100oC) en condiciones ligeramente cíclicas.
Debido a su alto contenido en cromo y su moderado contenido en níquel, la aleación 310 es resistente a la sulfuración y también puede utilizarse en atmósferas de carburación moderada.
Las atmósferas de carburación más severas de los equipos de procesos térmicos suelen requerir aleaciones de níquel como la 330 (UNS N08330). La aleación 310 puede utilizarse en aplicaciones de oxidación ligera, nitruración, cementación y ciclos térmicos, aunque la temperatura máxima de servicio debe reducirse. La aleación 310 también se utiliza en aplicaciones criogénicas con baja permeabilidad magnética y tenacidad hasta -450oF (-268oC). Cuando se calienta entre 1202 – 1742oF (650 – 950oC) la aleación está sujeta a la precipitación de la fase sigma. Un tratamiento de recocido en solución a 1100 – 1150oC (2012 – 2102oF) restablecerá un grado de tenacidad.
310S (UNS S31008) es la versión de bajo carbono de la aleación. Se utiliza para facilitar la fabricación. 310H (UNS S31009) es una modificación con alto contenido en carbono desarrollada para mejorar la resistencia a la fluencia. En la mayoría de los casos, el tamaño del grano y el contenido de carbono de la placa pueden cumplir los requisitos de la 310S y la 310H.
La aleación 310 se puede soldar y procesar fácilmente mediante las prácticas de fabricación estándar del taller.
Applications
- Cryogenic Components
- Food Processing
- Furnaces – burners, doors, fans, piping and recuperators
- Fluidized Bed Furnaces – coal combustors, grids, piping, wind boxes
- Ore Processing/Steel Plants – smelter and steel melting equipment, continuous casting equipment
- Petroleum Refining – catalytic recovery systems, flares, recuperators, tube hangers
- Power Generation – coal gasifier internals, pulverized coal burners, tube hangers
- Sintering/Cement Plants – burners, burner shields, feeding and discharging systems, wind boxes
- Thermal Processing – annealing covers and boxes, burner grids, doors, fans, muffles and retorts, recuperators, walking beams
Standards
ASTM……..A 240
ASME……..SA 240
AMS……….5521
Corrosion Resistance
Wet Corrosion
Alloy 310 is not designed for service in wet corrosive environments. The high carbon content, which is present to enhance creep properties, has a detrimental effect on aqueous corrosion resistance. The alloy is prone to intergranular corrosion after long term exposure at high temperatures. However, due to its high chromium content (25%), Alloy 310 is more corrosion resistant than most heat resistant alloys.
High Temperature Corrosion
The high chromium (25%) and silicon (0.6%) content of Alloy 310 make it more resistant to high temperature corrosion in most in-service environments. Operating temperatures are listed below.
Oxidizing conditions (max sulfur content – 2 g/m3)
1922°F (1050°C) continuous service
2012°F (1100°C) peak temperature
Oxidizing conditions (max sulfur greater than 2 g/m3)
1742°F (950°C) maximum temperature
Low oxygen atmosphere (max sulfur content – 2 g/m3)
1832°F (1000°C) maximum temperature
Nitriding or carburizing atmospheres
1562 – 1742°F (850 – 950°C) maximum
The alloy does not perform as well as Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) or Alloy 800 (UNS N08800) in reducing, nitriding or carburizing atmospheres, but it does outperform most heat resistant stainless steels in these conditions.
Creep Properties
Typical Creep Properties
Temperature | Creep Strain (MPa) | Creep Rupture (MPa) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
°C | °F | 1000 H | 10000 H | 100000 H | 1000 H | 10000 H | 100000 H |
600 | 1112 | 120 | 100 | 40 | 200 | 140 | 80 |
700 | 1292 | 50 | 35 | 20 | 80 | 45 | 20 |
800 | 1472 | 20 | 10 | 8 | 35 | 20 | 8 |
900 | 1652 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 15 | 10 | 5 |
1000 | 1832 | 5 | 3 | 1.5 | 9 | 4 | 2 |
Chemical Analysis
Weight % (all values are maximum unless a range is otherwise indicated)
Element | 310 | 310S | 310H |
---|---|---|---|
Chromium | 24.0 min.-26.0 max. | 24.0 min.-26.0 max. | 24.0 min.-26.0 max. |
Nickel | 19.0 min.-22.0 max. | 19.0 min.-22.0 max. | 19.0 min.-22.0 max. |
Carbon | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.40 min. – 0.10 max. |
Manganese | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
Phosphorus | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.045 |
Sulfer | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
Silicon | 1.50 | 1.50 | 0.75 |
Iron | Balance | Balance | Balance |
Physical Properties
Density
0.285 lbs/in3
7.89 g/cm3
Specific Heat
0.12 BTU/lb-°F (32 – 212°F)
502 J/kg-°K (0 – 100°C)
Modulus of Elasticity
28.5 x 106 psi
196 GPa
Thermal Conductivity 212°F (100°C)
8.0 BTU/hr/ft2/ft/°F
10.8 W/m-°K
Melting Range
2470 – 2555°F
1354 – 1402°C
Electrical Resistivity
30.7 Microhm-in at 68°C
78.0 Microhm-cm at 20°C
Mechanical Properties
Typical Values at 68°F (20°C)
Yield Strength 0.2% Offset |
Ultimate Tensile Strength |
Elongation in 2 in. |
Hardness | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
psi (min.) | (MPa) | psi (min.) | (MPa) | % (min.) | (max.) |
35,000 | 245 | 80,000 | 550 | 45 | 217 Brinell |
Fabrication Data
Fabrication Data Alloy 310 can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices. Hot Forming Heat uniformly at 1742 – 2192°F (950 – 1200°C). After hot forming a final anneal at 1832 – 2101°F (1000 – 1150°C) followed by rapid quenching is recommended. Cold Forming The alloy is quite ductile and forms in a manner very similar to 316. Cold forming of pieces with long-term exposure to high temperatures is not recommended since the alloy is subject to carbide precipitation and sigma phase precipitants. Welding Alloy 310 can be readily welded by most standard processes including TIG, PLASMA, MIG, SMAW, SAW and FCAW.
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